http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm6 }6 b( e( q: c9 K
Coughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version6 n9 H0 y: a m7 |0 {! V
Coughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).
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; w5 |& t9 ^8 C2 @5 |Hemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract./ M; X, n) g0 q1 r$ x+ k7 g6 _
6 @0 k+ Y. Y zConsiderations
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& E5 F; g( x" }) o0 n: Z3 X. f) a" NCoughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.+ z G) K5 E( i
/ ^9 u/ m2 C5 _8 z. B: t2 Z6 B/ s! vBlood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.
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Causes, A+ C9 D. R% ^ ~7 ?+ q9 q
7 _' Y1 [ K- @8 AA number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:& }0 \) A2 |0 h1 N
$ N9 P+ h7 u4 b$ }$ k/ _1 W' ]Blood clot in the lung
. A6 G0 n# @& C |, P5 L1 IBreathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)
7 p- Y, U$ G4 K( O) xBronchoscopy with biopsy4 j# U0 F( O0 j4 Q( a. O
Bronchiectasis+ H1 b# w, ] l
Bronchitis
# D% M6 o, a5 R) h3 s# TCancer
# e5 ^3 j( e1 ^6 Q; qCystic fibrosis8 g G) E: E' o
Inflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)
) J5 h& h0 v# IInjury to the arteries of the lungs6 G2 }0 q+ O3 q
Irritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)
; q' m' T3 ?9 R. w$ DPneumonia or other lung infections
1 F$ @9 ^* q' _$ ]$ l6 _# HPulmonary edema1 i. {. s% w+ [: e
Systemic lupus erythematosus) b1 ~6 G7 F; h% H
Tuberculosis3 P# `, z) L8 F
Home Care) f$ ^) H* P5 y7 `; J
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Cough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.
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6 S% L# a. A% F1 J( A! zIt is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms./ G0 T# Z7 x7 c
* E. o/ T/ @+ S- uWhen to Contact a Medical Professional' K: C0 u. a( M' \+ D
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Get medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:
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! K5 e, R% y2 R6 K$ F3 _0 i h8 }5 MA cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood% x9 r8 d" |5 N; X
Blood in your urine or stools/ G' N% J7 }1 a' m! }+ `
Chest pain
+ j1 O% o ~8 d7 h3 W$ FDizziness
9 _+ o* B( u6 {; e. zFever4 c9 y" w7 A! H
Light-headedness" P4 @# l: l; {3 J& @; C& W- ~
Severe shortness of breath
/ n8 }- {* U" i0 v( l* N) HWhat to Expect at Your Office Visit
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In an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:
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Type
. x- j8 F1 O+ H6 l3 G( g( SAre you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)? v9 l; l: R5 ]0 c6 |9 T* o1 P- O6 j
Can you see blood when you cough up something?3 ~' @6 N# l. y- ? n
How many times have you coughed up blood?6 F; f1 p2 @ ~- z) u5 _) j
Is there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?
5 W/ O: B- z6 H8 Y: z# QTime pattern, x) i* B. l- W# [
Did it begin suddenly?
9 W: _% @) w/ Q( g5 pHas it increased recently?
1 }' \- [! J) s a/ q# Y% N& dFor how many weeks has the cough lasted?
S9 C+ e; a0 xIs the cough worse at night?
) h* v( g4 _& H% i1 f4 s' y ], tWhat other symptoms do you have?) Q! R9 B/ y& `
The doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:
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% g3 b$ A1 M% u2 M/ RBronchoscopy, a test to view the airways1 x/ W* s8 F- F) w
Chest CT scan( L# p0 Q+ B8 l) l
Chest x-ray
7 i! h9 D( {; t: @* b ?. h2 TComplete blood count
1 @3 m" J! y$ ~; kLung biopsy
% p! G6 l$ |3 U( X: `; D3 q7 F, ~5 i$ wLung scan5 W {6 Q8 w. Y2 f! B9 g( R, T
Pulmonary arteriography6 O, ], H" o: w1 v& `4 `; }
Sputum culture and smear0 {- U* y% k' |! S2 T _
Test to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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