ESTRO 2013: Commonly used drug can limit radiation damage to lungs and heart for cancer patients
- `) w) V1 W" T2 q 21 Apr 2013- b7 Q9 P2 j# r% H* l+ L
! F0 ^ K/ b- L3 y1 tUnavoidable damage caused to the heart and lungs by radiotherapy treatment of tumours in the chest region can be limited by the administration of an ACE inhibitor, a drug commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, a group of Dutch researchers have found.% R6 p7 d a% Z# u' T* L x+ B+ @
/ m: X" o" b1 g( h* H7 W7 a+ _: ^Common cancers such as breast, oesophagus, lung, and Hodgkin’s lymphoma are frequently treated with radiotherapy, but the radiation dose that can be given safely is limited by the sensitivity of the health lung tissue which is also irradiated.4 Y$ Q% H% b, ~$ E) {4 s# b
1 t) D2 Y0 N) u/ @0 NThe lung is a particularly complex and sensitive organ and strategies for protecting it from radiotherapy damage, apart from limiting the dose given and, therefore, the efficacy of the treatment, are few.- A9 S4 G0 N6 F3 M, B; C
6 T# m3 H; o) A/ {7 q% H0 A5 D7 HPresenting the research to the 2nd Forum of the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO), Dr Sonja Van der Veen, MSc, from the University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands, said that she had set out with colleagues to see whether the use of an ACE inhibitor could protect against early radiation-induced lung toxicity (RILT).- I# _1 o8 n3 |, _
8 [. |$ Q$ V% T9 jPrevious studies had shown that damage to blood vessels can play an important role in the development of RILT, so the researchers irradiated the lungs, heart, or heart and lungs of rats and administered the ACE inhibiter captopril immediately after treatment.$ b% g/ X" j! z
d! ?4 H( s4 S. J7 j( e6 VThe rats’ lung functions were then measured at two-weekly intervals.
' y) F0 M) j- A# q3 C8 G
# P, w" o/ g/ ^. X/ Q! |“After eight weeks, when early lung toxicity is usually at its height, we found that captopril improved the rats’ heart and lung functions, but we were surprised to find that this only occurred when the heart was included in the irradiation field,” said Dr Van der Veen. “This was not due to protection of the lung blood vessels, which were equally damaged with or without captopril. So we investigated further and found that the captopril treatment improved the heart’s function and decreased the level of fibrosis in the heart soon after irradiation. So these new findings show that ACE inhibition decreases RILT by reducing direct acute heart damage.”
" _/ ]5 A) G9 T; W
' q5 V4 G4 c1 XIrradiating the heart leads to the development of fibrosis, which stiffens it, and this in turn leads to problems in the relaxation of the left ventricle. Due to this, blood flow from the lungs into the heart is hindered, and this can cause pulmonary damage. However, after treatment with captopril, the researchers observed an improvement in ventricular relaxation in the irradiated hearts.
& e, ]& {2 F b7 v
0 X; L, Y3 i) h) T; CDr Van der Veen and her colleagues are now collaborating with a research group from the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (USA), in order to design a randomised clinical trial where patients who are treated with radiation to the thoracic area including the heart will be treated with either an ACE inhibitor or a placebo after irradiation.
& F# ]+ ~) e$ g1 d: L/ A% `, @3 v4 a
Much progress has been made in radiation treatment over recent years, but in breast cancer, for example, most women still receive high doses to the heart, and this is known to increase the risk of heart disease. A recent study has shown that for each Gray (Gy) of radiation, there is a 7.4% increase in the occurrence of a subsequent major coronary event.
) P5 \7 G+ _% p. n0 G" a# s y" [6 {
“Given that most women will receive a dose of between 1 and 5 Gray, and that the dangers are even greater for women with existing cardiac risk factors or coronary disease, this is still a big problem,” said Dr Van der Veen.+ d0 ~" K+ X: S2 Y2 r
, x# p+ S# N! o6 k. y
Rats were chosen for the study because, unlike mice, they are big enough for researchers to be able to irradiate different part of the lungs and heart. The researchers believe that the way in which ACE inhibition works in both animals and humans is similar.
8 B. @. r* J* }; Z- H) e0 T/ v& `
% \1 u* i( y* e2 N“We are confident that our clinical trial will see the same protective effect in humans as that which we have seen in rats,” said Dr Van der Veen. “We will also now begin to study the late effects of ACE inhibition on RILT to see whether it affords similar protection. We believe that our results suggest a promising strategy for shielding patients from radiation damage and improving their quality of life, while at the same time allowing them to receive a high enough dose to ensure the effective treatment of their cancer.”' Z+ b* d* P! ~; R- p0 o8 d6 f
. B* G2 a' h* y& {0 Y
President of ESTRO, Professor Vincenzo Valentini, a radiation oncologist at the Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy, said: “This study underlines the importance of translational research. The understanding of anti-cancer mechanisms, as well as of protective opportunities discovered in the experimental environment, is of upmost importance in the era of personalised medicine. This research provides further evidence of the importance of testing experimental theories in the clinical environment to the ultimate benefit of patients.”
- D1 ]3 P, L* v$ x
& L k+ f" u/ x( s$ C |
晚期肺癌经过4次换药，如今母亲已经4
作者：pears
“万事开头难”这句话在母亲的抗癌路上体现得淋漓尽致，最初确诊肺癌后半
父亲的治疗传来了好消息
父亲今年68岁，从今年三月低确认肺癌晚期到现在，一直没有好消息。胸水基因检测：EGFR
HER2突变肺癌诊疗实现新突破，HER2检
作者：seacat
近几年来靶向和免疫疗法的发展显著改善了肺癌患者的生存期，但仍有一部
安禹堂产品真实反馈
患友使用安禹堂皮肤抑菌液、手足平、甲沟炎凝胶真实反馈
中日友好医院科研转化产品安
肺腺癌egfr21-l858r突变，egfr扩增、
老爸21年3月发现肺腺癌晚期，双肺转移，纵隔淋巴结增大，取组织基因检测结果为egfr21-
显身卡
7 I& j5 |0 I& H! b v; W3 s" Z) x
